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Objective:To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with parecoxib sodium on multimode analgesia during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and its effect on cognitive function.Methods:One hundred and eighty-eight patients who underwent TKA from January 2017 to December 2019 in People′s Hospital of Xuyi County were divided into the multimode analgesia (MA) group and the postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) group by the method of random number table, each group with 94 patients. Patients in the MA group were injected with parecoxib sodium and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride half an hour before anesthesia induction and PCIA after the operation, while PCIA was only given after the operation in the PCIA group. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and sedation Ramsay scores were performed at the time of entry into the operation room (T 0), 12 h (T 1), 24 h (T 2) and 48 h (T 3) postoperatively; simple mental state scale (MMSE) score, serum S-100β, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels were measured at 24 h before the operation (T 01), T 2, and 72 h after the operation (T 4). The incidence of adverse reactions within 48 h after surgery and postoperatively cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the two groups within 72 h after surgery were recorded and compared. Results:The VAS scores and sufentanil dosage at T 1, T 2 and T 3 in the MA group were significantly lower than those in the PCIA group ( P<0.05), and Ramsay scores were significantly higher than those in the PCIA group ( P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions and POCD in the MA group were significantly lower than that in the PCIA group: 5.32% (5/94) vs. 20.21%(19/94), 8.51%(8/94) vs. 27.66%(26/94), there were significant differences ( P<0.05). At T 2 and T 4, the MMSE scores in the MA group were significantly higher than that in the PCIA group: (26.42 ± 1.68) scores vs. (25.30 ± 1.74) scores, (27.06 ± 1.93) scores vs. (26.49 ± 1.87) scores; the S-100β level in the MA group were significantly lower than that in the PCIA group: (1.35 ± 0.17) μg/L vs. (1.43 ± 0.19) μg/L, (1.26 ± 0.13) μg/L vs. (1.40 ± 0.16) μg/L; the NSE level in the MA group were significantly lower than that in the PCIA group: (0.88 ± 0.05) μg/L vs. (0.94 ± 0.06) μg/L, (0.83 ± 0.06) μg/L vs. (0.91 ± 0.04) μg/L, there were significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Dexmedetomidine combined with parecoxib sodium multimode analgesia has clear analgesia effect after TKA, can significantly reduce the occurrence of POCD and has high safety.
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Objective To explore the impact of exercise on the learning and memory of rats undergoing nicotine withdrawal and its underlying mechanism.Methods Forty four-week-old male SpragueDawley rats were subjected to nicotine conditioned place preference(CPP) training before being randomly separated into a high-,moderate-,low-intensity exercise and control(no exercise) group.Rats in exercise groups underwent the treadmill running at low,moderate or high intensity 30 minutes per day for 10 days consecutively.The nicotine-associated context memory was evaluated using the CPP preference score.Morris water maze (MWM) tasks were used to examine the spatial learning and memory.The protein level of α7 acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus was visualized by Western blotting.Results Rats undergoing exercises at a high or moderate intensity had a significantly lower CPP score than the control group (P＜0.01 and P＜0.05 respectively).However,there was no significant difference in the CPP score between the low-intensity exercise and control groups.Only rats doing moderate-intensity exercise presented a significantly shorter escape latency than controls in the MWM place navigation test(P＜0.01).Significant increase in time spent and distance swam in the target quadrant was observed in the moderate-and high-intensity exercise group,but without significant differences between the two groups.Moreover,a significant increase in the number of crossing target quadrant was only observed in rats that exercised at a moderate intensity (P＜ 0.05).The protein level of α7 nAChRs was significantly elevated in the prefrontal cortex(P＜0.01),but not in the hippocampus of rats doing moderate intensity exercise.Conclusion Ten-day treadmill running at a moderate intensity may improve learning and memory performance,and facilitate the extinction of nicotine reward memory of nicotine-treated rats via increasing α7 nAChR-mediated signaling in the frontal cortex.
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Objectives To investigate the relationship between different exercise types and the attention network.Methods A total of 75 university students were enrolled and randomly divided into an open-skill exercise group,a closed-skill exercise group and an irregular exercise control group,each of 25.They underwent the exercise as their group names implied.Then the attention network test was performed to evaluate their functions of the alerting network,orienting network and executive control network.Results Significant differences were found in the function of the executive control network among the 3 groups,while no significant difference was found among the 3 groups in the functions of the alerting network and orienting network.Conclusions Both open-and closed-skill exercise are associated with better function of executive control network.Furthermore,open-skill exercise showes more benefits than closed-skill exercise in promoting the function of the executive control network.Neither opennor closed-skill exercise bring benefits to the function of the alerting or orienting network.
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Objective To explore the emotional and cardiorespiratory changes at different stages during a single bout of exercise.Methods Sixty participants were recruited to complete 30 minutes' moderate exercise at a fixed running speed (the speeds were set based on the former self-controled speed test).Self-rated emotional experience was recorded 5 minutes before the exercise intervention,30 minutes after the intervention onset and 10 minutes after the intervention.Meanwhile,participants' physiological indices were monitored throughout the whole process.The data were grouped every five minutes and the data of six groups (t1,t2,t3,t4,t5 and t6)during exercise intervention were analyzed.The reliability of the results was subsequently checked via interview.Results The results showed that during t1 participants' happiness and tidal volume (TV)reached their maximum,but the respiratory frequency (RF) and respiratory quotient (RQ)reached their minimum.During t2 to t5,participants felt the most positive and RF was cooperating with TV appropriately.During t6,the feeling of fatigue hit the highest level;RF and Heart Rate (RT)reached its maximum,but the ratio of VO2/HR reached its minimum.Conclusion During a single bout of exercise,people feel the happiest in the first five minutes with mainly deep breathing.In the subsequent twenty minutes,exercisers experience positive emotion with highest breath efficiency.During the last five minutes,fatigue,as well as low efficient pulmonary respiration and pump function appeared.
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Objective To explore the functional improvement of dancers' sensorimotor system after years of dance training.Methods Twenty-three dancers(the dance group) of more than 6 years of dancing experience and twenty-one college students (the control group) without any dance experience were recruited in this study.Then the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(RS-fMRI) was conducted for both groups and the data were collected.Regional homogeneity (ReHo),fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) were compared between the two groups.Results Compared to the control group,significant increase was observed in the ReHo of the bilateral postcentral gyruses,the left superior temporal gyrus,the right precentral gyrus and the middle occipital gyrus and fALFF in the bilateral precentral gyruses of the dance group.Moreover,the connection between the right precentral gyrus and left precentral gyrus and the FC between the right precentral gyrus and bilateral postcentral gyrus enhanced significantly in the dance group compared to the control group.Conclusions The functional modulation of dancers' sensorimotor system may be associated with the long-term dancing experience,which may lead to the changes in action perception,memory processing,motor learning and movement control to enhance the formation of the mode to observe,implement and adjust complex actions.Our study has provided a supporting evidence for dancing-induced brain plasticity.
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Objective To detect the expression levels of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) and Th17 cells transcription factors, related cytokines in peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and analyze the relations between HMGB1 and CRP, ESR, RF in RA patients. The other aim of this study is to identify the expression level of HMGBI and the relationship between HMGB1 and Th17 in RA patients. Methods The mRNA levels of HMGB1, RORyt, interleukin (IL)-17 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) from 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis,including 32 RA patients in stable phase and 48 patients in active phase, and 50 healthy volunteers. The concentration of HMGB1, IL-23, IL-17 in plasma were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), one-way ANOVA and Spearman's correleation were adopted for statistical analysis.Results The mRNAs of HMGBI, RORyt and IL-17 in RA patients were higher than that in healthy control group (P<0.05), especially in active RA patients [ HMGB 1 (0.424±0.262) pg/ml, RORγt (0.34±0.25) pg/ml,IL-17 (1.42±0.38) pg/ml,P<0.01 ] when compared with patients with stable disease. The concentration of HMGB1, IL-23 and IL-17 in the plasma of RA patients was higher than that of the healthy control group (P< 0.05), and was positively correlated with the expression levels of HMGB1, Th 17-associated factors and the level of CRP, ESR, RF in RA patients' plasma(P<0.05). Conclusion The HMGB1 and Thl7 cells levels are higher in active RA patients than those in patients with stable disease, arid there is significant positive correlation between them. Detection of peripheral HMGB1 and Thl7 cell-specific transcription factors or related cytokines can help to understand the development and progress of rheumatoid arthritis and provide clues for new treatment targets for RA.
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Aim To establish a model of focal cerebral ischemic tissue of rat brain and explore the injury mechanism of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in whole level of proteins.Method The model was established with suture method by reperfusion 24 h after ischemic 2 h according to Koizumi′s method,total brain tissue proteins were extracted with Lysis buffer,proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE),stained by Coomassie brilliant blue,the patterns were gotten,differential proteins were found out,PMS was obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS,and related information of proteins was gained by MS-Fit database.Results A comparative proteomic study of model and normal group was performed.Compared with model group,the normal group gained 23 differential protein spots,13 spots expressed lowly,and 10 spots high,6 protein spots were identified,the relative cerebral ischemic proteins such as Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase,Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-degrading ectoenzyme etc were found out.Conclusions Establishing a 2-DE technology is applied to protein analysis of brain tissue,and the relative proteins of cerebral ischemia are found from proteome aspect.This will contribute to the research on the injury mechanism of cerebral ischemic tissues.
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Aim To study the effect of the total saponins of Rubus parvifolius(TSRP)on the intracellular free calcium levels in ischemic hippocampus neurons.Methods The cytosolic free calcium concentration in ischemic hippocampal neurons was measured by using Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent probe fluo-2/AM with a laser scanning confocal microscope.Results Application of TSRP inhibited free intracellular calcium in ischemic hippocampus neurons in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusions These results suggest that TSRP might protect hippocampus neurons via attenuating calcium overload induced by ischemia.
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Objective:To establish a two-dimensional electrophoresis technology on brain tissue protein of rat.Methods:Lysis buffer of different volume was taken to extract brain tissue proteins of rat,and different protein quantities(1mg,2mg,3mg) were taken to establish a two-dimensional electrophoresis.Coomassie brilliant blue was applied to stain protein,and patterns were analyzed.Results:With a molecular mass between 6.5~200ku and isoelectric points(pI) from 3~10,1mg proteins obtained 546 protein spots,2mg 780,and 3mg 805.Pattern of 2mg protein was the best.Conclusion:A two-dimensional electrophoresis technology on brain tissue protein of rat has been established successfully.